picture of the day

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On Sunday, NASA’s Phoenix Mars Mission Lander is supposed to touch down near the north pole of Mars. The “robotic geologist” will dig through the Martian soil with a mechanical arm to reach potential ice/frost layers and retrieve samples for the experiments.

The lander includes a miniature oven, a mass spectrometer, a small “chemistry lab-in-a-box,” a meteorological station and various imagine systems such as an atomic force microscope.

In honor of this mission, I give you this geology picture of the day from NASA’s Mars Exploration Rovers mission.


Image Source: NASA’s Opportunity rover. Acquired June 23, 2007.

Another of the best examples of spectacular cross-bedding in Victoria crater are the outcrops at Cape St. Mary, which is an approximately 15 m (45 foot) high promontory located along the western rim of Victoria crater and near the beginning of the rover’s traverse around the rim. Like the Cape St. Vincent images, these Pancam super-resolution images have allowed scientists to discern that the rocks at Victoria Crater once represented a large dune field that migrated across this region.

This is a Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity Panoramic Camera image mosaic acquired on sol 1213 (June 23, 2007), and was constructed from a mathematical combination of 32 different blue filter (480 nm) images.

You can even follow along with the Phoenix Mars Mission on its Twitter page.

More Information:
Phoenix Mars Mission - Univ. of Arizona
Phoenix Mars Mission - JPL
Phoenix Mars Mission Twitter Page
Mars Exploration Rover Mission

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28 years ago today, Washington state’s Mount St. Helens catastrophically erupted, becoming the largest volcanic eruption in the lower 48 states.


Image credit: USGS

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Thanks to the always awesome Volcanism Blog and NOVA Geoblog for this picture of the day. It’s such an amazing photo that I figure I might as well re-post it here.

This is a picture taken from the International Space Station of Mount Cleveland, located in Alaska, erupting in June of 2006.


Image credit: Astronaut Jeffrey Williams and NASA.

More information on Mount Cleveland and its eruptions can be found at the Alaska Volcano Observatory website.

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A type of lava formed from very fluid basaltic flows is called pahoehoe. In today’s geology picture of the day, we see a beautiful example of ropey pahoehoe from Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.


Image Credit: bgustus2000 on flickr.

For more information on the types of lava, visit Instant Hawaii.

One of the more interesting types of pahoehoe lava is called ropey pahoehoe and looks like a series of twisted ropes spaced evenly along the ground. The twisted ropes may be fairly straight, or may loop and wind in and out much like a fingerprint. Many visitors express interest in what could create such an unusual shape, but once you see ropey pohoehoe lava being created it is instantly clear how the shapes occur. As the pahoehoe flows, it usually encounters some minor barrier that slows up the front of the flow. As the front of the flow is slowing down, the faster flow behind it pushes the front and forces it to create a small ridge, which it pushes up and over the barrier. That ridge begins to cool and creates the next barrier, which in turn creates the next. The result is a series of ridges interspaced with valleys - which looks like 4 inch thick ropes of lava laying side by side or looping side by side. To walk over ropey pahoehoe it is best to walk on the top of the ridges, perpendicular to the ridges.

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Monday’s Sichuan Earthquake in Central China has claimed at least 12,000 lives according to authorities. Survivors are still being pulled out of the rubble and news remains slow coming out of the region.

Today’s geology picture of the day shows the damage in Beichuan county, in China’s Sichuam province.


Source: AP / Wang Jiaowen

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